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    Friday, March 1, 2019

    Linux What is the difference between the command line, the terminal, bash shell, shell scripting?

    Linux What is the difference between the command line, the terminal, bash shell, shell scripting?


    What is the difference between the command line, the terminal, bash shell, shell scripting?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 07:10 AM PST

    I feel like some of these things are used interchangeably, but maybe incorrectly?

    submitted by /u/Vaslo
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    What are some small things that changed how you use Linux?

    Posted: 28 Feb 2019 09:16 PM PST

    Like for me, it was knowing - What PATH and .bashrc is how you can manipulate them to your advantage - I can make aliases on terminal. - I can source control my .bashrc and other important dot files, so that I can change them without worries and transfer them - And that of it's a git repo, theme if the terminal can be changed - Using workspaces

    Each of these things opened a new dimension of possibility.

    What are some small things that did the same for you?

    submitted by /u/loser-two-point-o
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    Reptyr - Move A Running Process From One Terminal To Another Without Closing It

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 03:38 AM PST

    Shell Scripting Projects

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 11:18 AM PST

    Need some ideas for shell scripting projects for college mini project. I am an intermediate in shell scripting.

    submitted by /u/Yashsoni_7
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    Noob Question: I'm using a FirePro W2100 and I don't know what drivers I'm using, want to try different drivers and don't want to break my system. How do I do this? (Xpost from linuxmasterrace)

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 11:11 AM PST

    Suprressing false error messages on Linux

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 11:30 AM PST

    Is there a way to suppress unwanted Syslog messages? I'm a network engineer and I use OpenGear console servers to connect to Cisco devices at remote sites. One comserver have been giving the following error message:

    com-server1 /bin/cellctld[1564]: ERROR /bin/cellctld - Failed to get list of bearers: 19: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownMethod: No such interface 'org.freedesktop.ModemManager1.Modem' on object at path /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Modem/5
    Is there a way to suppress unwanted error messages such as this one? It is a false alarm as there are no problems with the device. It is accessed is via webmin and it can be SSHed into. Lastly, the device can be easily restored to factory defaults if anything goes wrong. I do not want to have SolarWinds Orion, populated with false alarms.

    submitted by /u/corehazard
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    Is it possible to remove repeated groups of lines in a file using a bash script/sed/awk/etc?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:53 AM PST

    Say I have a file: <p> abc def ghi abc def ghi xyz abc def ghi nop </p>

    How can I remove the duplicate entries to get: <p> abc def ghi xyz abc def ghi nop </p>

    submitted by /u/sleepless-p03t
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    GUI system monitor for Ubuntu?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 09:57 AM PST

    I've always liked to quickly see stuff like the temperature of the CPU or the GPU, or the processor's frequency, stuff like that, even if I never had an issue with it. On Windows, I do it with a program that I found at some point, CAM - I'm not sure how good it is but it has a very nice looking interface. Since I'm dualbooting Windows 10 with Ubuntu 18.10, I've been trying to find an equivalent for Ubuntu. I know that you can find out a lot of things using the terminal, but I want something simple, maybe a program or something that I can keep in the system tray that would show me that. But I haven't been able to find one. There is a GNOME extension for it that I haven't been able to get to work, it appeared in the system tray but the CPU temperature consistently remained at 28 degrees Celsius no matter of what I was doing, so something wasn't working. I also tried to install conky, but I haven't been able to find a good GUI for it, the tutorial that I've tried to find used weird themes and made everything appear on the desktop in a way which I didn't like.

    Are there any other options? Thank you very much in advance!

    submitted by /u/AshenPaladin
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    Is it possible to create multiple partitions to run multiple versions of Linux on the same disk? (1tb) I currently have fedora installed and it's taking up the entire disk

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 07:50 AM PST

    I still have the live iso on my USB and I can see in the installation I can do manual partitioning but I don't fully understand what I'm doing, if I make the fedora disk size only 100gb does that leave the rest of the disk for separate partitions to be created later? Again I don't understand what I'm doing for manual partition :/

    Complete noob to Linux trying to learn any help would be appreciated :)

    submitted by /u/powdashrooms
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    What criteria do you use in choosing a distro?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 07:21 AM PST

    All this distro-talk has made me want to try out something else. However, I am severely limited, because I only have a 32-bit laptop, an old Compaq CQ57, which has so far served me well. But for Arch, for instance, I can only find 64-bit releases. So, when you want to migrate to Linux, you need to consider what it will it be running on. This is why I am using Debian, because it has a 32-bit version.

    Then there's the sticky question of hardware, graphics cards and so on. But it seems most things will work with linux these days.

    The second thing is, what do you plan to do with the computer? The fact is, AFAIK, any distribution can be configured to do your bidding, whatever that may be.

    And the third thing is, what software is available for your distribution? Debian has a very large repository, so you are likely to find that there's a download available of whatever app you fancy. Then again, if not, you can compile it from source. This is why I ditched BeOS, such a marvellous OS, because its app repository was so small, and active support ceased. Just a footnote on BeOS: there's still a community supported open source version available out there, now known as Haiku.

    So, how do you choose a distro? What are the criteria?

    submitted by /u/uilspieel
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    How to install programmes on linux

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:24 AM PST

    Heyo,
    I've literally never used linux before and decided to give it a go on my old laptop (which had Win10 bogging it down terribly). I chose to use ElementaryOS after seeing a thread for a low performance laptop and decided to give it a shot, seems to be running which is better than Win10 already lol.
    Anyhow, I'm trying to get started with some programmes like Discord to get me going when I realised I have no idea what the file extensions mean and how to install discord itself. I found how to download it through the command line and have extracted the .tar.gz and am able to look at lots of files and folders without knowing what any of them do, so if anyone could offer any help it'd be much appreciated :)
    Tl;Dr: how install on linux

    submitted by /u/12reevej
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    [OpenSuse Tumbleweed] Laptop touchpad sporadically not working.

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 12:55 PM PST

    Hi I installed OpenSuse Tumbleweed on my new laptop (ASUS TUF Gaming FX505DY ) and the touchpad ist sometimes working after boot and sometimes not, and this also only changes with a reboot.

    I have no clue how to start fixing that. I had make an hwinfo and xinput output vor while it is working and while not:

    Working

    brillus@linux-75p7:~> sudo hwinfo --mouse [sudo] Passwort für root: 46: PS/2 00.0: 10500 PS/2 Mouse [Created at input.249] Unique ID: AH6Q.w0FmQocvyY8 Hardware Class: mouse Model: "ELAN1200:00 04F3:30BA Touchpad" Vendor: 0x04f3 Device: 0x30ba "ELAN1200:00 04F3:30BA Touchpad" Compatible to: int 0x0210 0x0001 Device File: /dev/input/mice (/dev/input/mouse0) Device Files: /dev/input/mice, /dev/input/mouse0, /dev/input/event12, /dev/input/by-path/platform-AMDI0010:01-event-mouse, /dev/input/by-path/platform-AMDI0010:01-mouse Device Number: char 13:63 (char 13:32) Driver Info #0: Buttons: 1 Wheels: 0 XFree86 Protocol: explorerps/2 GPM Protocol: exps2 Config Status: cfg=no, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown brillus@linux-75p7:~> xinput list ⎡ Virtual core pointer id=2 [master pointer (3)] ⎜ ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer id=4 [slave pointer (2)] ⎜ ↳ ELAN1200:00 04F3:30BA Touchpad id=13 [slave pointer (2)] ⎣ Virtual core keyboard id=3 [master keyboard (2)] ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard id=5 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Power Button id=6 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Asus Wireless Radio Control id=7 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Video Bus id=8 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Video Bus id=9 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Power Button id=10 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Sleep Button id=11 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ USB2.0 HD UVC WebCam: USB2.0 HD id=12 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Asus WMI hotkeys id=14 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard id=15 [slave keyboard (3)] 

    not working

    brillus@linux-75p7:~> sudo hwinfo --mouse [sudo] Passwort für root: brillus@linux-75p7:~> xinput list ⎡ Virtual core pointer id=2 [master pointer (3)] ⎜ ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer id=4 [slave pointer (2)] ⎣ Virtual core keyboard id=3 [master keyboard (2)] ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard id=5 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Power Button id=6 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Asus Wireless Radio Control id=7 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Video Bus id=8 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Video Bus id=9 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Power Button id=10 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Sleep Button id=11 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ USB2.0 HD UVC WebCam: USB2.0 HD id=12 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ Asus WMI hotkeys id=13 [slave keyboard (3)] ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard id=14 [slave keyboard (3)] brillus@linux-75p7:~> 

    Can anybody help?

    submitted by /u/Brillus
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    shopt -s histverify not working, what am I missing?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 12:26 PM PST

    So I added this to my .bashrc file:

    # don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history. # See bash(1) for more options HISTCONTROL=erasedups:ignoredups:ignorespace # append to the history file, don't overwrite it shopt -s histappend # Check the window size after each command and, if necessary, update the values of LINES and COLUMNS shopt -s checkwinsize # If set, and Readline is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately passed to the shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into the Readline editing buffer, allowing further modification. shopt -s histverify # for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1) HISTSIZE=1000 HISTFILESIZE=10000 

    And it doesn't work as intended.

    That is to say, when I CTRL-R and press ENTER at something, I expect it to first appear on the line, allowing me to review it, and then finally requiring me to press enter again to execute it.

    Instead, it's now just executing straight from the CTRL-R view.

    Am I doing something wrong or have I forgotten something?

    Ubuntu 18.04

    submitted by /u/Vordreller
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    how do I mount correct hard drive on start up?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 12:19 PM PST

    Software for burning ISO's to USB on Linux?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 06:47 AM PST

    When I was on Windows, I used Rufus for this, but they don't seem to have a Linux version available. What are some good alternatives for burning to USB on Linux?

    submitted by /u/AskJeevesIsBest
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    Possible malware/virus infection from another pc and the problem of then creating a new bootable usb stick

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:32 AM PST

    Hey everyone,

    I might have run into a little problem today. I wanted to install linux mint 19.1 cinnamon on my desktop, just as i did on my laptop a few months ago.

    Since i however lost my bootable usb stick somehow, i wanted to create a new one.

    I did (or tried to do) this with the help of a good friend on his ubuntu PC.

    However, after the creation of said usb stick didnt really work out on his PC (running ubuntu 18.04) i brought my laptop over and got the iso and sha256sum files he downloaded from his PC via USB, to create the bootable stick on my own machine.

    Then we however kinda got talking that his PC has been acting weird lately, got rather slow, and just didn't work as it used to. (Here i found out, that he also never verified his iso, and that his PC has been acting weird since installing Ubuntu 18.04 from 16.04)

    Now, i wonder, might it be possible that i have infected my own laptop with a virus from dropping the iso and sha256sum files he downloaded onto my machine? (Given that his PC might really be infected).

    Is it advicable to use these files (that were downloaded on his PC and then transferred to mine via USB) nonetheless to create my bootable usb stick, (I verified the iso, checked the authenticity, all is well) or might these files pose a possible risk to my desktop PC?

    Lastly, when i decide against the usage of these files and download a new ISO, could i still use my mint laptop for this, or could a virus/ malware possibly also infect these newly downloaded files? (Given that my own laptop now actually is infected, and i am not only overreacting out of security-paranoia).

    Thanks in advance for any answers and have a nice day.

    submitted by /u/allthistooshallpass
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    Can you suggest me a distro?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:28 AM PST

    My laptop didn't have Windows pre-installed and even though I did install Windows, Update was a huge problem. I live in an area where a constant superfast unlimited internet connection can be afforded only by rich folks.

    I got frustrated and switched to Ubuntu Mate but the battery life was absolutely terrible. Same with Linux mint. Funnily, my friend who borrowed my laptop ran Ubuntu ( 16.04 I think it was?) got around 5 hours from it which is almost what I got on windows.

    I'm also learning Java and Web development so would be using things like VS Code and Eclipse. Basically, I want a distro that has decent battery life, can run the softwares mentioned well and hopefully doesn't need too much tweaking to get simple things working (I had to fiddle around for half an hour before I could fix the screen tearing issue with VLC).

    Some people have suggested me Fedora and some have said Ubuntu or Lubuntu. Your take on this? Any suggestion and advice is welcome. I'm still learning many things and I would like my gear to run optimally without Gentoo level knowledge or too much tweaking required.

    submitted by /u/TheUltimateAntihero
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    Trying to add an SFTP user without changeing ownership to them

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 10:08 AM PST

    I'm a noob so please bear with me. Running Centos 6.9.

    I'd like to add SFTP users that can access certain directories. For one of them, I'd like them to be able to access everything (with SFTP permissions only and no shell access).

    So far I added them:

    adduser username passwd username 

    ... entered password.

    Then I edited /etc/ssh/sshd_config

    Match User username ForceCommand internal-sftp PasswordAuthentication yes ChrootDirectory / AllowAgentForwarding no AllowTcpForwarding no X11Forwarding no 

    Now, all the other instructions I see are to use chown for this user. BUT, I don't want to change ownership of the entire directory to this user. I just want this user to be able to access the entire directory without affecting the ownership permissions of any other users.

    Am I not understanding how this works?

    submitted by /u/SuuperNoob
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    Having error when opening mixcloud.com website: ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:56 AM PST

    Yes, I've deleted website cache like browser adviced me, but still same error. And the wierd stuff is that error only occurs on linux (dual boot and currently using kubuntu 18.10, on Mint 19.1 Cinnamon error was as well), but on Windows website opens easily. What could be the reason?

    submitted by /u/ChillOut005
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    Is Clear Linux usable nowadays?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 05:46 AM PST

    Performance is impressive and it supports Flatpak now so I can install all apps I need

    Do you have any experience with this distro?

    submitted by /u/Wayward4
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    Arch gets a lot of praise for its AUR. From a user's perspective, how does the workflow with pacman and AUR differ from Ubuntu/Debian's apt and PPA?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 03:18 AM PST

    Sorry if this is comparing apples and oranges. As somebody who has only ever used Ubuntu, I'm just wondering how different things are under Arch.

    submitted by /u/MonkeyKhan
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    Fedora 29 is refusing to update because of protected kernal-core package

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 09:03 AM PST

    So my school laptop is refusing to update the kernal anything because of the protected package 'kernal-core'. I've seen a bunch of forums etc with solutions, but unfortunately none of them worked for me, so here goes nothing.

    submitted by /u/ppp7032
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    Antergos doesn't boot properly after installing nvidia Drivers

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 08:55 AM PST

    Hi, Today installed Antergos, everything went fine... Then I decided to install Nvidia drivers... By using pacman... And after installing a I rebooted and when I boot to antergos the screen goes black with _ on left top of the screen ... And the only action I can do is control + alt + f2 and it ask me to log in, ok I log and I can have access only like that...

    I appreciate all help! Thank you for your attention!

    Sorry for bad English...

    More info: I did this what is in this text file on the video 5:06 Antergos How to install your Nvidia graphics card https://youtu.be/gXUqAcp_BFY

    If I run that Comand nvidia-xconfig on control alt f2 It appears: Using X configuration file :"/etc/X11/xorg.conf". Error:unable to write to directory '/etc/X11'.

    And if I do nvidia-smi appears a table with Nvidia version of drivers (418.43)... https://i.postimg.cc/0yL8j1n7/IMG-20190301-174226.jpg

    Here is a photo of my grub: https://i.postimg.cc/pr6427np/IMG-20190301-181434.jpg I tried changing quiet splash to nomodeset it still didn't work

    submitted by /u/blazingpro98
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    Automated mirroring of boot drive on shutdown?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 08:37 AM PST

    There's rsync and clonezilla, but I'm astonished that I'm not seeing a ready made, automated program to full clone/mirror a boot drive (it could be on startup or shutdown, idc). raid1 would be an option if it didn't throttle to the speed of the slowest drive.

    submitted by /u/soggy_appearance
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    How to run multiple commands in linux shell script, get execution info or stop on error?

    Posted: 01 Mar 2019 07:54 AM PST

    Hi, /r/linux4noobs!

    I want to use git multiple times in my shell script, I also want to run some other commands (like, for example, php test.php). I need to stop on any errors/warnings and see what happened. If all commands worked good, I need to see some notifications. How to solve this task correctly?

    cd first first=git pull || echo "$first" echo "first - pulled" cd ../second second=first=git pull || echo "$second" echo "second - pulled" cd ../somedirectorywithphpfiles third=php myscript.php || echo "$third" echo "script executed correctly" 

    or

    cd first if first=git pull echo "first - pulled" else echo "$first" fi ... 

    or any other way?

    I am not sure that the "assignment check" will work correctly, because firstly the command (git pull, for example) will be executed (and, for example, failed), and then the assignment will be completed successfully. Maybe I need to do this check procedure in some other way?

    submitted by /u/wallofbytes
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