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    Monday, July 19, 2021

    Linux balenaEtcher: A Tool To Turn Linux .ISO Files Into Bootable USB Drives

    Linux balenaEtcher: A Tool To Turn Linux .ISO Files Into Bootable USB Drives


    balenaEtcher: A Tool To Turn Linux .ISO Files Into Bootable USB Drives

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:44 AM PDT

    Does Linux have a "registry" for installed apps like Windows?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 01:43 AM PDT

    When you install an app via a Package Manager (like Apt or Synaptic or other), that package manager keeps track of that app and updates to it. It also allows you to select it for de-installation.

    But when you manually download a binary file of an app that was not available in a repository, and you just copy it into it's own app folder in /USR or /HOME, is there anywhere in Linux that you can manually 'register' that app?

    So that, in future, you can list all apps you have accumulated on your pc and perhaps decide to update or de-install selected ones.

    submitted by /u/Chevvy20
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    I got a SSH message saying authenticity of hostname can't be established. I pressed yes and all of a sudden I can log in to my server without my passphrase. Is this a security compromise? How do I reverse this?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 11:09 AM PDT

    So I have two SSH keys in my .SSH folder. I was trying to make them work in that when I ssh into a service e.g GitHub , it would pick the right SSH key.

    While trying to make this work, the message in the title appeared. I think it was using the wrong SSH key for the server I was trying to log in. I pressed yes and it went through without asking my passphrase. One of my SSH keys has a passphrase while the other doesn't.

    Is it even possible to login into a server with the wrong SSH key? How do I reverse this?

    submitted by /u/The-motto
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    Looking for advice to get Youtube running on an old Netbook (intel Atom, 2GB RAM), currently with Linux Mint xfce 64 bit

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:42 AM PDT

    Hello! I have an old Toshiba NB510 with an intel Atom N2600, 1,60GHz, 2GB of RAM and currently have Linux Mint xfce installed. I just want to watch Youtube on it, but it's lagging a lot with 100% CPU usage. Videos play for a few seconds, with the audio being normal and the video running in slow motion and then stopping entirely. I tried watching with Firefox (which came pre-installed with Mint) and also tried Opera, but unfortunately didn't notice any improvement. Videos above 480p are basically unwatchable, 480p is lagging but at least I can watch a bit. I always have just one tab open and no other applications. Do you have any other ideas I could try?

    Thanks a lot in advance!

    (Additionally I'm looking for ideas on what else I could be doing with this netbook, but this is probably the wrong sub for it. Maybe you could point me in the right direction?)

    Edit to add: I'm currently watching a video in 360p (Opera browser) and while the CPU usage stays between 60-70% and RAM at 58%, there's still a noticeable delay in the video and lagging (kinda slo-mo first and then it looks like the video speeds up to catch up with the audio).

    submitted by /u/elasticbeaver
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    Headphone makes buzzing noise after installing Ubuntu 20.10

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 12:27 PM PDT

    Hi, im new to Linux and just installed Ubuntu 20.10 on my laptop, but since then whenever i plug my headphones to laptop there is always a buzz sound that starts after Ubuntu starting and only ends after shutting down. I tried to google my problem to find a fix but i couldn't find any solutions for it.

    laptop specs are:

    Intel core i7-6700HQ 2.60GHz

    12 RAM

    Graphics NVIDIA GeForce GTX 960M

    Audio HDA-Intel - HDA Intel PC

    I also had this problem on Ubuntu 20.04, I don't know why but i thought maybe updating to 20.10 would be a good choice...

    submitted by /u/PanirDesu
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    Only getting 144Hz on my main monitor when my second monitor is disconnected

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:25 AM PDT

    Although I have my primary display set to 144Hz in display settings, it simply does not output at 144Hz when a second, 60Hz display, is connected.

    Curiously, my cursor still moves as if it is running at 144Hz, but playing games and moving windows around are clearly not at 144Hz.

    I've seen other posts around of this happening when running other programs like chrome on the second monitor but it is even happening to me when there is nothing but the desktop on my second screen.

    Turning off my second monitor fixes all the issues, any ideas what I can do to fix this?

    Using nVidia's propriety drivers on Manjaro.

    Update: I was fiddling about and after disabling the display compositor in Window Manager Tweaks, it seems to work just as I hoped. Not sure how I can have both the compositor and 144Hz yet though.

    Update 2: So I have fixed the issue by using the picom compositor and disabling the default one from XFCE. Everything now works just fine and I can play Counter-Strike 1.6 in peace.

    submitted by /u/TheBigLakeastie
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    MobaXterm-like Keyword Highlighting in Linux Terminal

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:52 AM PDT

    My first day with Udemy Linux course - 9 noob questions after completed first section.

    Posted: 18 Jul 2021 04:55 PM PDT

    Hello. Today was my first day with professional Linux online course. I feel very excited, and really I want more! First, sorry for any language mistakes. English is not my main language, but I work on it. I have some questions, because some things I did not understand. Maybe I do something wrong, but some information from course conflict with real solution. Everything, step by step, I did in real hardware, no VM or something else. My OS is the newest Fedora with Gnome shell.

    Ok, let's start

    1. I don't have some directories, for example /cdrom. Instructor from course have it. I think is that, because I don't have any CD in my PC, but If I put for example CD with recorded photos, these directories will show up behind the root directories? I mean in [_@fedora /]$ - underline is my username, so if I write ls or dir command, cdrom will be there with my photos? Furthermore, I know, it's not working with pendrive, because I have accessed it from "Files" app, under bin.

    2. "Some apps, that not included in OS, could be in /usr/local/program_name with own directories tree". My question, it depends on something? For example, I downloaded Brave browser from command line, and Brave is in /opt directory, where /opt is for optional software, that not included from OS. Instructor explained it using avg software. It will be in usr/local/avg/bin or etc/lib/log. I understand it, because bin is for binary files, etc for configuration files, and so on. Conclusion is binary files from avg software will be in /usr/local/avg/bin, but configuration avg files will be in /usr/local/avg/etc, so why I don't have that structure with Brave, and of course some other software, and why it is in other directory, exactly /opt. How it works?

    3. Apps could be installed with shared structure. Example is Google. Chrome will install (probably, with course yes) in /opt/buisness-name/product-name, so /opt/google/chrome. I heard it could be lots of examples of that install., and it is depended on software. Should I learn some "perfect solution" or enough knowledge will be, If I know where should I find it, so in /opt or /usr/local ? This /usr/local directory hooks about previous question too.

    4. Monit = shell message, or it's something different? I'm not sure about this word, "monit".

    5. Some service could have special account. I don't understand it. Example was ~ftp, and it is the same what srv/ftp, but I don't know what's going on here.

    6. $PATH - black magic... Is any cool place, where can I read something about environmental variable? If I write echo $PATH I have always the same output - /home/_/.local/bin:/home/_/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin It does not matter where I write it. What is this information mean? Guy from course tell something like "PATH variable could find command in OS" or something similar, but I don't understand it.

    7. SEARCH_TERM is the next topic, which I don't understand. This topic was "man -k" too, but how it works? I know what is "man" but… from -k? It does not make any sense if I write it.

    8. How work [ ] ? I think, it's from something optional, but could you give me an example, please? I think it's not "command - something", where "- something" is optional, but specifically what could be in command [ ] ?

    9. cd command should back to previous directory. In my test, it not works. It is always back to my home directory, so [_@fedora ~]$. For example:

    I'm in [_@fedora ~]$, then I write:
    cd /opt/brave.com - now I'm in [_@fedora brave.com]$
    next I write: cd /etc, and I'm in [_@fedora etc]$
    now with cd command I should back to the previous one, so [_@fedora brave.com]$ but I'm back to [_@fedora ~]$. No matter what I write, I always back to [_@fedora ~]$.

    Uff, It's all for now. Thanks guys, I really appreciated for any help. In the next days, I will create some new topics about next info what I will learn. For interested, I learn from Udemy course "Learn Linux in 5 Days and Level Up Your Career", and Instructor is Jason Canon. I bought "Linux Mastery: Master the Linux Command Line in 11.5 Hours" created by Ziyad Yehia, Internet of Things Academy, but in my opinion first is much better. Next, I will be learning more about Linux, so system admin too, and I think Jason Canon is ok, because he has more courses about it. THANKS!

    submitted by /u/OkBro513
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    Linux partitioning

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 01:17 AM PDT

    Hi guys,

    do you have any guides that hang to if you manually set partitions?
    Which partitions do you make? Is there a benefit to it eg. security or performance?

    Thank you!

    submitted by /u/Mic_sne
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    Linux format

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 01:29 PM PDT

    Hey, i'm stuck in a login loop and i can't seem to fix this problem due to my absolute lack of understanding linux. So i decided to just format the computer, is there a way to do this from the terminal without having to re-install linux?

    submitted by /u/valtor42
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    Scaling of Icons

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 01:17 PM PDT

    Hi everyone, I have a question about the scaling of icons for a hiDPI display (4k 15" laptop display) with GTK3. I understand the text can be scaled via Xft, but cannot seem to find out how to scale the icons. I feel like there is an easy command or variable to export, etc. Can someone please explain how to do this if they know? An example is the scaling in Xournal++.

    submitted by /u/namedPal
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    Messed around with loadkeys, now I can’t sign in. Do I give up and reinstall?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 06:57 AM PDT

    My laptop is a pretty old macbook, and many of the keys unfortunately don't work anymore. It's too expensive to get it fixed, so I've worked around it using xmodmap! Xmodmap doesn't work when xorg isn't running, so in pure terminal/console/non-gui mode, when first installing arch, I was forced to switch to dvorak using loadkeys (I had never used dvorak before) and figure out where the missing keys were located, input them, switch back to the default keymap, and fill in the rest of the letters of whatever command I was trying to send. this is obviously not very efficient lol.

    I was trying to make a custom keymap for loadkeys so I could spend time in non-graphical linux, using the keymaps in /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/mac as a guide, but I fucked up, and the shift, f, and m keys, and a few other keys, are now random other keys. The ? key doesn't work at all. They haven't been switched with other keys, so now I have multiple [ and ' keys, and I can't sign in because my username contains an 'f'. I can't use the switch-to-dvorak/scroll up and edit previous commands scheme because I can't enter commands before logging in. I do have a password-less account I made to try and make a sandbox for wine, but it's still asking me to enter a password.

    If I could somehow bypass the login prompt, I could enter bspwm using startx, or if I could somehow start/enable the login manager sddm, I could enter kde as the login manager already provides the username, and I could just enter the password. my keyboard would revert back to using xmodmap/the kde keymaps and I could fix whatever I broke. Is there any way I could do this? Or am I fucked? I do have backups of most of my important files, since I was meaning to reinstall arch and see what I've learnt, but a lot of stuff, like the linuxjourney.com notes I've made over the past week, would be lost :(

    submitted by /u/mior101101
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    XFCE and i3 pulseaudio issue.

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 05:11 AM PDT

    Hello, I recently distro hopped from Void Linux to OpenSUSE Tumbleweed XFCE with i3.

    The audio works fine if I launch XFCE but whenever I am in i3wm I have to log out and log back in for the audio controls to work again. The pulseaudio daemon is working in background but the volume icon doesn't show the server and pavucontrol shows "establishing connection to pulseaudio please wait"

    Is there a way to fix this without having to log out and log back in every time I boot my laptop? It is really frustrating.

    submitted by /u/aaronryder773
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    Ubuntu and Laravel permissions

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 12:41 PM PDT

    Hello All,

    For the life of me I cannot figure out how to set the proper permissions for my web root directory for a Laravel project.

    I cannot get the project to properly serve the site without setting the owner and group to root and I know that that's highly insecure.

    Whenever I set the owner to the proper www-data user and group I run into a million permissions issues. I've legitimately been trying to fix this properly for ages and I just gave up after a while since I really needed to get the project working.

    Does anyone know how I can get the permissions properly for Laravel to work properly?

    submitted by /u/sirricharic
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    Help with scripts

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 12:12 PM PDT

    Hey guys, im new to Linux and currently trying Pop!_OS, im using it as my personal os and now just installed at office too, but, there is a script that i really need to use from Windows and i dont know how to do the same thing on Linux. What it does is give the option to copy the names of all files inside a folder after right clicking it, and without it i cant work basically.

    https://www.softdownload.com.br/como-copiar-salvar-lista-arquivos-pasta-windows.html

    Here is the original download link for it, for Windows, its in brazilian portuguese because im brazilian, and didnt found it anywhere else.

    submitted by /u/brunoofr_
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    Is modprobe always going to be in sbin by default, for any linux system?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 11:57 AM PDT

    I'm trying to use the modprobe command.

    And I have to use the modrpobe command on multiple linux systems (Red Hat, Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, CentOS, etc).

    I've seen that /sbin/modprobe is the default, but would that work on all of them? Is it guaranteed that every linux system will have modprobe in sbin by default?

    submitted by /u/SpecificConcept99
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    help with proxy chain

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 11:51 AM PDT

    i try to turn on proxy chains and i get this error im kinda new to this so if i dont understand some things i apoligize in advance

    https://preview.redd.it/leqbwyq8u7c71.png?width=573&format=png&auto=webp&s=00aa8045cae39bd35a03d1431342bdb0fb453d15

    submitted by /u/sharpbelt636
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    Doing bash offline without harming your main.

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 11:33 AM PDT

    Hello I'm currently learning bash is it possible without using a VM? I'm on Ubuntu.

    submitted by /u/pleasehelpmesir1
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    Could the recent ransomeware attacks have been prevented if the victims had all been using linux?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 05:24 AM PDT

    Escalation process message and port number

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:45 AM PDT

    Hello,

    I'm using Nagios core 4.4.6 and I did manage to receive escalation notifications but the problem is that I received for the escalation the same content of the normal alert content means I need to specify at least one word in the escalation notification that shows this an escalation mail not a normal mail .

    This is what I have in the commands.cfg for the notifications for both service and host

    define command { command_name notify-host-by-email command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /usr/bin/mailx -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$ } define command { command_name notify-service-by-email command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /usr/bin/mailx -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$ } 

    On the host itself this what I have for the escalation settings

    define serviceescalation { host_name Test service_description Check SSH first_notification 3 last_notification 5 notification_interval 20 contact_groups MGMT } 

    Another question how to monitor an IP with a port number for example I have Grafana with this IP 192.168.60.120:2000

    Which content should I add to Grafana.cfg so I can monitor the IP and Port number ?

    Best Regards

    submitted by /u/Zurattos
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    Screen overclocking doesn't work at all on linux (Integrated GPU/Hybrid)

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:23 AM PDT

    I'm trying to get my laptop screen overclocked on linux, it works fine on windows 11/10 with CRU, i achieved 1080p 96hz while using it.

    I installed PopOS and set the graphics mode to Hybrid, since there's no option in my bios to output my dGPU to my screen. So i did everything according to this guide: https://github.com/kevinlekiller/linux_intel_display_overclocking

    The 96hz option does appear in the settings, but its not working at all, since i dont notice any improvements to smoothness as i do on windows

    After i set the output with xrandr --output HDMI1 --mode 1920x1080_72.00_rb the screen goes black for half a second, and nothing changes. The 96hz option does appear in the video settings, but still, it doesn't work at all. I even tried using slow motion to see the hz of the screen (it worked on windows to check the refresh rate)

    Specs:

    Dell 7657, i7 7700hq, 1050ti 4gb.

    submitted by /u/ZePyro
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    Btrfs doubt. Is there a way to "hide" btrfs subvolumes?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 05:45 AM PDT

    I was following a tutorial, when mounting everything I could just mount the last subvolume with subvolid=btrfs, instead of subvol=@..., so when you would do the lsblk command you would only get one line saying that this is where the btrfs subvolumes are mounted in. Instead, even after manually changing it, I got this:

    nvme0n1 259:0 0 238.5G 0 disk ├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 333M 0 part /boot └─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 238.1G 0 part └─cryptroot 254:0 0 238.1G 0 crypt /var/cache/pacman/pkg /tmp /srv /home /log /btrfs / 

    So it looks messy, I don't really know if it's for an old version or distro, and I'm using newer software, but it doesn't look like it should be:

    nvme0n1 259:0 0 238.5G 0 disk ├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 333M 0 part /boot └─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 238.1G 0 part └─cryptroot 254:0 0 238.1G 0 crypt /btrfs 

    This is cleaner.

    My mount options for all the subvolumes that I use it's:

    mount -o noatime,nodiratime,compress-force=zstd:1,space_cache=v2,subvol=@ /dev/mapper/... /mnt/... 

    Am I doing something wrong?

    submitted by /u/santtiavin
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    MangoHud .conf file not found

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:29 AM PDT

    I want to run MangoHud on Lutris games with a custom .conf file

    I used the build instructions, it worked.

    my cmd: mangohud lutris lutris:rungameid/1

    >> skipping config: /usr/bin/MangoHud.conf [ not found ]

    >> skipping config: /home/my_user/.config/MangoHud/glxinfo.conf [ not found ]

    >> skipping config: /home/my_user/.config/MangoHud/MangoHud.conf [ not found ]

    If i put it in /home/my_user/.config/MangoHud/MangoHud.conf my .conf works just fine.

    If I understand this correctly I can put my MangoHud.conf file basically everywhere. README

    I put mine in this dir: /home/my_user/my_applications/MangoHud

    How do I tell MangoHud to look in this dir?

    Am I missing something?

    I think it has to do something with environment variables. I dont quite understand them yet.

    submitted by /u/RennerOe
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    Can I format boot drives using a bootable USB?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:04 AM PDT

    I have a PC with 2 SSD, 1 installed with Windows and another with Ubuntu. I guess I screwed up some where installing Ubuntu and I can't see the Windows option in BIOS any more.

    Basically I feel like starting fresh again. Can I just plug in a bootable USB with windows/Ubuntu, remove all the partitions in both SSDs and have both SSDs in their factory state?

    submitted by /u/theonlyQuan
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    How to give system account access to external HDD?

    Posted: 19 Jul 2021 01:28 AM PDT

    Hi guys, i've been setting up qBittorrent on my RasPi & followed the instructions here in the section "Running qBittorrent as a Service": https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-qbittorrent/

    Basically he suggests to create a new system account & then use that system account to setup a service to run qBittorrent so that qB turns on automatically in the background all the time.

    However after doing that qBittorrent is unable to write downloads to my external HDD. Is there anyway to give access to external HDD to the system account i created? Thanks.

    submitted by /u/Tintin_Quarentino
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