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    Home Unlabelled Linux How I switched to Ubuntu after using Windows for 20 years (the 2022 guide)

    Linux How I switched to Ubuntu after using Windows for 20 years (the 2022 guide)

    January 26, 2022

    Linux How I switched to Ubuntu after using Windows for 20 years (the 2022 guide)

    How I switched to Ubuntu after using Windows for 20 years (the 2022 guide)

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 10:18 AM PST

    I installed Arch in VirtualBox using "archinstall", and everything went fine. I chose to use i3-gap window manager, and it even let me chroot into it, startx and run some basic insall commands, but after shutting down, I get stuck on a black screen with no terminal. Can you tell me what's wrong?

    Posted: 25 Jan 2022 08:11 PM PST

    Should I use the LTS version of Ubuntu or the normal one?

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 03:30 AM PST

    I am intending to do some general computer stuff, web browsing and maybe some light gaming.

    I know that the LTS build has older packages. I don't mind this, as many of the apps that I am going to use (qbittorrent, VLC) etc are not going to have exciting jumps in features and functionality from version to version. However, I want to use the latest version of Firefox at all times.

    If I run the LTS version, and I want to install the latest version of one particular app, can I still get the latest version it by using flatpaks or by adding a PPA? How would I do this for firefox?

    submitted by /u/Anarchie48
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    It's time I switched to Linux from Windows, have a few lingering questions

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 12:42 PM PST

    Background: I already have remote instances set up on virtual servers running Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS. Currently using a bunch of third party apps that help me work with the remote Ubuntu systems with Windows via PuTTy, sshfs, xpra etc... When Ubuntu 22.04 rolls around in a couple of months, I plan to upgrade my 20.04.3 systems to 22.04.

    1) Why are PPAs bad? What about GPG keys? What can I do to download software such as MikTex or Brave Browser

    2) As 20.04 has a version 3 implying there is a 20.04.1 and 20.04.2, is making these upgrades as simple as sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade and reboot?

    3) Are there any known issues for migrating from 20.04 to 22.04? I remember reading somewhere that upgrading from 20.04 to 21.04 had some issues that required going to 20.10 first... Unsure if this is true, or is just my imagination.

    4) A lot of other stuff I use such as R, python, git, texlive, pdflatex etc... have clear instructions for how to install on 20.04. When 22.04 is released, will I need to wait a while until these packages have update and all dependencies exist on 22.04?

    5) It looks like 20.04 will have hardware and maintenance updates until ~2025 and after that they have ESM for another while until after 2030. Is there any drawback or security risks to stay in 20.04 until its end of LTS? I do like 22.04, but as windows updated 10 and 11, it introduced new hassles, is this going to be the case for 22.04 as well?

    submitted by /u/A_N_Kolmogorov
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    duel boot with win 10 and zorin 16

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:38 PM PST

    Hi Guys

    going to install linux zorin on my laptop to duel boot with win 10.

    my ssd is 1tb have made a partition of 200gb for zorin , the file system is still ntfs .

    what file system do I need to change it too ? , only tried zorin in virtual box , also mint ,

    but found I could not get wine installed on mint , as I need to run a few win progs I use

    all the time ,

    got them working in vb with zorin , although my laptop has very top specs , as I use it for most video editing , I do find over time win 10 gets slower , I know what am doing around computers , but never tried linux , until a few days ago .

    is it worth buying it or stick to the free one

    ​

    thanks in advance for any replies

    regards

    Miek

    submitted by /u/Terrible-Jacket-7892
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    Problems with Firefox and Firejail when opening new windows in Linux Mint

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:56 AM PST

    When I have a Firefox window opened this message below pops up in Linux Mint 21.03:

    ​

    https://preview.redd.it/g92lsvd843e81.png?width=675&format=png&auto=webp&s=4541b0dc9f2fdfcbd7bf52807f1ac085b1f77ed9

    I've tried to search some infos about it and it seems that Firefox needs to configured to open multiple profiles at the same time " ? " but I'm not sure. I've tried running Firefox with the "-no-remote" option through the terminal and it worked like a charm.

    However, I have installed Firejail in the system with a symbolic link (ln -s command to link firejail and firefox because I needed to open external links inside the sandbox. Ex: email link). Because of it, I cant edit menu entries to create a customized command to start Firefox when clicking in the menu icon.

    As result, now I can make Firefox open multiple stances, but only outside Firejail, or open Firefox inside the sandbox but having to close the browser everytime an email arrives with a link.

    Is there any way to fix? Is it possible to keep the symbolic link and allow something similar to the "-no-remote" Firefox option? Sorry for any wrong English typing. It is not my native language.

    submitted by /u/Qercous
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    Ubuntu freeze upon bootstrap

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:47 AM PST

    I booted up Ubuntu and it's blocked, the keyboard doesn't work, the mouse doesn't work, once the screen shuts down because of inactivity there is no way of waking it up and I'm forced to restart the pc.

    I have NVIDIA drivers, although I can't remember which kind

    My Ubuntu version is 20.04.3 LTS

    I have tried editing the boot commands from grub, putting nouveau.modset=0 first and then nomodeset, neither worked and I don't think it's a driver issue since it didn't give me problems before, it all happened suddenly

    I remember during my last session I reinstalled python-apt but I don't think that matters, I also installed protonVPN, although it wasn't working, that was the last thing I did

    I have a dual boot with windows and everything works fine there

    I am desperate please help

    submitted by /u/-Manu_
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    Rounded corners for windows in Gnome ??

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:05 AM PST

    Noob here !!! I just wanted to have rounded bottom corners for windows in Gnome. I found this article here https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2022/01/mutter-rounded-transparent-blurred-look-on-ubuntu but can't seem to follow it properly, can someone please explain it to me in easy language on what to do in systematic manner ???

    I'm using Pop OS 20.04 LTS Nvidia driver proprietary.

    submitted by /u/Living_Being_No-1
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    I need help with HDD and SSD

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 08:48 AM PST

    I want to use my 500 GB HDD as a storage drive and my 250 GB SSD as a boot drive. Problem is, I have no clue how to do that, if it is even possible.

    submitted by /u/Marci26
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    How do I set set up dynamically switching hybrid GPU?

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 07:45 AM PST

    I have a laptop with AMD Radeon integrated graphics and a NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Mobile discrete GPU and I want to disable the discrete GPU while I am not gaming to save battery. So, I search through the arch wiki and found this. Their are 6 ways to do this and each of them have their own pros and cons so I just wanted to ask what is the best or the better way to set dynamic switching, I will be gaming so hopefully the solution is not that performance taxing.

    And to be completely honest I am not even sure that I am even using nvidia card when i am idel.

    $ glxinfo|egrep "OpenGL vendor|OpenGL renderer"0 OpenGL vendor string: AMD $ glxinfo | grep NVIDIA (returns nothing)

    as i understand both of these say that ideally i am not using the nvidia GPU. But i am still not sure since launching nvidia-settings, shows the current GPU temperature and clock speed, so I am probably using them?

    And when i run 

    $ mangohud glxgears

    the hud says i am using the AMD GPU but when I run

    $ mangohud vkcube

    it says i am using Nvidia GPU.

    So, am i wasting my battery on the nvidia GPU?

    Am I dumb and the laptop is automatically doing that for me?

    NVidia Drivers installed: lib32-nvidia-utils 495.46-1 nvidia 495.46-10 nvidia-dkms 495.46-2 nvidia-settings 495.46-2 nvidia-utils 495.46-2 AMD Drivers installed: mesa
    submitted by /u/Jack000999
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    How I create a good vm for gaming

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 03:08 AM PST

    I am on ubuntu 21.10

    submitted by /u/MrAnthoony
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    How do I import more themes?

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:31 PM PST

    Hi!

    I have Ubuntu, gnome de and I have gnome tweaks

    But how do I go about adding new applications icons theme and changing what my file GUI looks like?

    submitted by /u/Unfair-Carpenter-876
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    I'm new to Linux and I decided to make Linux Mint my first Distro on my Tablet-Laptop. But I didn't really think about the Touchscreen aspect. Under the red line I can't use the touchscreen. Should I switch to Ubuntu Gnome or will I have the same problem because I have a narrow screen?

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 07:27 AM PST

    Software/keyboard-controlled mouse Recommendation

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:23 PM PST

    I am wondering if anyone uses such software. I do not have a hardware mouse. I use Lubuntu 20.04.03 LTS. I appreciate any recommendations. I already use many keyboard shortcuts and Vimium on Firefox, but I sometimes must select something that does not seem to have keyboard shortcuts, and my mouse cursor is currently in the middle of the screen.

    submitted by /u/AidePast
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    Game laptop crash

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:35 AM PST

    Hello linux users, i recently downloaded to pop os and dowloaded wine to play roblox vulkan, i was playing arsenal or you know these fps games, and after some minute, it crashed. Idk what made it to close my laptop and i want to fix this problem.

    My lap specs: Cpu: intel i7 11th gen Gpu: nvidia graphics

    submitted by /u/AkioThe1st
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    How do you deal with automatic unlocking/mounting of encrypted external drives?

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 12:59 PM PST

    I'm doing daily backups with Borg to one internal hard drive and two external ones. The three drives are encrypted with LUKS. The internal one is automatically unlocked and mounted at boot with a key file and cryptab/fstab entries:

    • /etc/crypttab:

    Borg-1 UUID=<UUID..> /Borg-1-key luks,nofail

    • /etc/fstab:

    /dev/mapper/Borg-1 /media/Borg-1 ext4 defaults,nofail 0 2

    This works just fine. I'd like the external ones to be automatically unlocked and mounted whenever I plug them. For now, I do this manually every night just before my systemd timer kicks in (to perform the backup) with the following:

    sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/disk/by-uuid/<UUID..> Borg-2 --key-file=/Borg-2-key sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/disk/by-uuid/<UUID..> Borg-3 --key-file=/Borg-3-key sudo mount /dev/mapper/Borg-2 /media/Borg-2 sudo mount /dev/mapper/Borg-3 /media/Borg-3

    It works just fine and only takes me a few seconds (I have the commands grouped inside a function that I run from another script), but it's still an additional step I'd like to get rid of.

    I cannot find any useful guide on the Internet, at least none which covers the automatic mount and unlock process or only for internal drives that are always connected. I came accross some forum posts where some people are using a udev rule but apparently it should be used in combination with a systemd unit to properly work. Not sure what I'm supposed to do.

    I'd be very interested in reading how you guys handle this.

    Thanks!

    submitted by /u/zliop
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    How do I browse files in the Terminal? (Linux Mint)

    Posted: 25 Jan 2022 05:41 PM PST

    So, I'm reading a book recommend in this sub (The LInux Command Line), and I'm at page 33, where they are talking about browsing 'files' in the terminal, using CD, LS, PWD, basic commands, which my little windows brain can't comprehend, for example, if I type on the terminal "cd /Documents" it appears "No such file directories" same with any cd command I try to type... Am I being dumb and writing the wrong thing

    Linux Mint Mate 20.3 (forgot to mention that :P)

    submitted by /u/le_demarco
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    Ubuntu 8.04 (PowerPC) can’t boot installer.

    Posted: 25 Jan 2022 04:27 PM PST

    virsh cpu-baseline

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 10:17 AM PST

    According to the libvirt virtualization api manual pages:

    cpu-baseline
    Compute baseline CPU which will be supported by all host CPUs given in <file>.

    So, as a theoretical exercise, I've created the following file:

    ### cpus1.xml <cpu> <arch>x86_64</arch> <model>coreduo</model> </cpu> <cpu> <arch>x86_64</arch> <model>athlon</model> </cpu> <cpu> <arch>x86_64</arch> <model>Opteron_G1</model> </cpu>

    And then tried the following command:

    root@debian:~# virsh cpu-baseline cpus1.xml <cpu mode='custom' match='exact'> <model fallback='allow'>pentiumpro</model> <feature policy='require' name='mtrr'/> </cpu>

    So far so good. Among a coreduo, an athlon and an Opteron_G1 the baseline cpu is something close to a pentiumpro. Makes sense.

    What if I change the order of cpus?

    ### cpus2.xml <cpu> <arch>x86_64</arch> <model>Opteron_G1</model> </cpu> <cpu> <arch>x86_64</arch> <model>coreduo</model> </cpu> <cpu> <arch>x86_64</arch> <model>athlon</model> </cpu>

    The result should be the same, correct?

    root@debian:~# virsh cpu-baseline cpus2.xml error: operation failed: CPU vendors do not match

    Unfortunately, the result is not the same.

    QUESTION
    Why the order of the cpus can change the baseline cpu?

    submitted by /u/Jeron_Baffom
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    How to Downloads and install League Of Legends for Linux Ubuntu

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:53 AM PST

    Anyway I can do this ?

    submitted by /u/ComprehensiveGas7434
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    How to optimise AM4 CPU power usage?

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 05:49 AM PST

    Hi Guys,

    I'm finally starting to build my home server up. Specs:
    R7 2700X, Gigabyte B450M DS3H v2, 16GB DDR4

    I'm also tryng to make sure every watts counts. I lucked out as after initial setup, I could take out my GPU and boot headless, quite pleased with that.
    However looking at my power meter (plugged behind the power supply) I'm noticing that I'm actually using a little more power than without (60W with GPU, 70W without). It's an old Radeon 5450 btw. I may put it back to confirm this.

    Anyhow, system is idling at minimum 60W like I said and I'd love to try and go lower as right now I just have 1 nvme attached, once I get some SATAs in there it'll go higher and this will run 24/7...
    So yeah I'd love to know if there are any resources to optimise power usage on a Ryzen 2000 series.
    Ex: have the clocks as low as possible when idling and boosting up when needed only, undervolting maybe, etc

    Thanks a lot!

    submitted by /u/airbag888
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    My wifi network not showing but other are showing

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:29 AM PST

    Allow access to all ports on public IP only when connected using VPN except SSH (port 22)

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:06 AM PST

    So I started using my VPS (Debian 10)((2021-09-29) (Linux 4.19.0-18-amd64 #1 SMP x86_64)) which is also my VPN server (IKEV2 (strongswan) and (PPTP)) to install OMV and docker, cause before that my VPS was almost idle just serving me as VPN server.

    The problem is my OMV admin page and Docker containers are expose to internet although I'm using very strong passwords but since it's HTTP I think it's not much of a difference, so anyone enter mypublicIP:81 in their browsers it will open my OMV.

    So have to make it only accessible throughout the VPN except for SSH (port 22)?

    I don't know about iptables and firewall in Linux systems so I would highly appreciate a simple solution and explanation.

    submitted by /u/sirzoyisp
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    HiDPI fears with a 17x29cm (13.3) 1080p screen on my X390

    Posted: 26 Jan 2022 07:01 AM PST

    I plan on moving to Arch Linux with dwm and have heard that HiDPI is a nightmare to setup, I have read the Arch Wiki page on how to setup your X Resources and X Server and some tips on applications like Firefox, Gimp and Inkscape. From what it looks like to me is that while HiDPI is tricky to configure and there is no fix that works on every app but it is possible to get it configured and it is only a one time pain. What I wanted to ask was that am I thinking correctly or are there any gotchas or things to looks out for not mentioned in the wiki. This is one of the only things holding me back from diving into Linux.

    My hardware is very compatible with Linux (atleast thats what my research tells me). I have a ThinkPad X390 with 16GB ram and 512GB SSD and plan on dual-booting Arch with Windows 10.

    submitted by /u/savantshuia
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