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    Friday, January 17, 2020

    Linux HowToGeek Win7 to linux upgrade guide

    Linux HowToGeek Win7 to linux upgrade guide


    HowToGeek Win7 to linux upgrade guide

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:23 AM PST

    Post about my recent transition

    Posted: 16 Jan 2020 08:56 PM PST

    I'm not asking for help, but hopefully people looking to transition will find this helpful.

    I found the idea of Linux intimidating, especially when I found out about how many versions there are. I had a preconceived idea that it was either for advanced users, or had basically no programs I would be able to use that weren't second rate or looked like shitty clones of ancient windows software.

    A year ago I had a couple of very important accounts compromised and went down the rabbit hole of internet security, learned about social engineering and tried to find how I could leave the smallest internet footprint possible. I learned a lot about privacy, and did my best to erase my presence by getting rid of social media, switching to encrypted email, using a password manager, etc.

    I started to notice the targeted advertising a couple of months ago, and found a few YouTube channels that talked about how different companies share your data with each other and build shadow profiles and realised that just because I'm not directly giving my data to Facebook, doesn't mean that Samsung or Microsoft isn't, so I discovered open source. Gradually I transitioned to open source password managers, moving to Firefox, changing search engines etc and looked into changing operating systems.

    After a couple of days of research I settled on Kubuntu because it looked kind of familiar and I didn't have to learn a bunch of coding just to set it up. The plan was to dual boot with Windows 10 but I couldn't figure out how to do that, so I just wiped everything and installed. It's been insanely fun learning how to use bash commands, the ease on installing software, and having Clementine as a music player is nowhere near the downgrade I thought it was going to be. There's nothing I used to do with Windows that I can't with this distro.

    Linux isn't really scary. Just back up your shit and go for it. You can try before you buy by launching straight from the USB, if anything you'll just lose an hour or so.

    I asked a lot of questions here and got an awful lot of help, thank you so much everyone!

    submitted by /u/940Cleaver9h
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    rm -rf /usr/bin

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 04:34 AM PST

    Okay, I did something I have no idea of the impact on my system and that's probably making me the joke of this subreddit for the next 10 minutes or so.

    Instead of rm -rf binaries in /home/usr/, I ran rm -rf bin (I am on Manjaro XFCE)

    How big of a fuck up did I just do? Is there any way to fix it?

    submitted by /u/Bl8_m8
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    UEFI doesnt see KDE Neon, only Windows 10

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 01:18 PM PST

    Hi,

    So an issue I had at the beginning of this process is that my laptop's (Acer Nitro VN7-592g) keyboard doesn't work, so I used a USB keyboard. This caused issues when trying to access the BIOS(at least I think it was the BIOS, as it didnt seem to have a place to enable all my USB ports, was that CMOS?). In the BIOS I changed the boot mode to Legacy from UEFI. Afterwards, it saw my live USB which I made with YUMI. Here I got into KDE Neon and opened the installer on the desktop. I wanted to have a dual boot, Windows10 + KDE Neon, so I split my hardrive in roughly two and gave the second half to KDE Neon.

    (Let me interject here, that my suspicion is that I was at this point supposed to also make some kind of partition on the harddrive for the EFI settings for KDE Neon? Just a guess, I don't really know much about any of this).

    I restart my computer, and I see the green ACER screen, but then Windows boots up. I was hoping Grub would pop up and give me an option of what to boot. I do that special restart to get to UEFI and there is no KDE Neon option there either.

    I get back into my CMOS, where I changed the setting back to legacy, and KD Neon immedietly booted up. I try some solutions like Boot-repair, but the default repair option doesnt work because Im not in EFI mode (which I assume is referring to me choosing that Legacy option).

    Any help would be greatly appreciated. A friend of mine said something like, UEFI doesn't "know" about KDE Neon.

    Here is my fdisk

    Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 206847 204800 100M EFI System /dev/sda2 206848 239615 32768 16M Microsoft reserved /dev/sda3 239616 257282260 257042645 122.6G Microsoft basic data /dev/sda4 498419712 500117503 1697792 829M Windows recovery environment /dev/sda5 257284096 257286143 2048 1M BIOS boot /dev/sda6 257286144 498419711 241133568 115G Linux filesystem 
    submitted by /u/eye-jacked
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    How to make an SSH connection more secure.

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 01:16 PM PST

    How would you make all ssh connections to your server more secure? Use a different port? Change the authentication method? Anything else?

    submitted by /u/Nabstar333
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    Fedora usb boot loader failed to start

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 12:07 PM PST

    Hello

    I recently found the courage to get rid of Windows for the first time and discovered Fedora on the privacytoolsio OS recommendations. I've decided that i was going to try out and download Fedora's KDE Plasma spin-off.

    So the next step was making a bootable USB. First i tried it with the Fedora's media writer itself. Afterwards I've tried Rufus. Unfortunately both resulted in the same error. After the kernels were loading it suddenly was stopping al services until the system completely shut down.

    it also showed this error repeatedly

    nouveau 0000:01:00.0: tmr: stalled at ffffffffffffffffffffffffff

    nouveau 0000:01:00.0: tmr: stalled at ffffffffffffffffffffffffff

    nouveau 0000:01:00.0: tmr: stalled at ffffffffffffffffffffffffff

    nouveau 0000:01:00.0: tmr: stalled at ffffffffffffffffffffffffff

    .....

    Followed by the picture below

    https://preview.redd.it/w2d8sw2c9eb41.jpg?width=1920&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=bb3979dee113b884d6422f796e1f1fc514a1cffb

    So the problem didn't came from the bootable USB but from something else, partitioning perhaps? I tried formatting my drives and repeat from step one. The last thing i did was wiping the drives and keep it in the "unallocating" state. Unfortunatly that didn't do the trick either.

    I'm hoping that someone has the knowledge or the answer for this problem? It probably is a noob question but i think i've come to the right place. Thanks in advance!

    submitted by /u/Matroesjkas
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    DWM keybinds to switch monitors focus?

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:50 AM PST

    Currently I have my config.h set up where if I want to send a window to a different monitor, I would need to hold Mod, click and drag it to that window and then toggle floating off with the the mouse wheel button,

    As my set up gets more keyboard focused, I was wondering how I can manage something similar with possibly Mod + Arrow Keys to move focus between my left and right monitor, and holding shift would switch the window as well as focus. How can I get a window to switch stacks?

    submitted by /u/mrOmegamilkyman
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    Pop OS always launch from USB instead of HDD despite installation

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 12:58 PM PST

    Continuation of last post

    submitted by /u/5cr33ch3r
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    Help with Network/Server User Management

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:09 AM PST

    Hi all, I have a pretty decent home lab with multiple servers. I've always just manually created the users on each server/VM. I know there is a better way to do this. I'd like to create some type of authentication server that hosts the account authentication. I've read about FreeRADIUS and FreeIPA, but haven't been able to get them working. Does anyone know of a tutorial or better material on how to setup this up? Thank you in advance!

    submitted by /u/AtlasAlex
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    apt show pia shows the package with an installed-size. apt purge pia says that pia is not installed.

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 12:32 PM PST

    I have Linux Mint 19.2 installed on a laptop.

    I have PIA installed, and I want to uninstall it.

    Screenshot of my commands: https://imgur.com/GEoNZQo

    PIA is definitely installed, why is it saying PIA doesn't exist?

    submitted by /u/CoorsBanquet8
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    Can't download Cyberghost on Ubuntu.

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 12:28 PM PST

    Trying to install Cyberghost Vpn. I have an HP laptop, so i had to make a wired connection and download the wifi driver, to do this i had to disable secure boot mode. My first command for cyberghost install is "sudo apt-get install openvpn" But it always says "dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem". When i entered "sudo dpkg --configure -a" it said i was still in secure boot mode, despite disabling it already. So again I went through the process of disabling secure boot mode. Rebooted and tried "sudo apt-get install openvpn" And it responded with "dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem". What the fuck am I doing wrong? What am i supposed to do?

    submitted by /u/ihatethemusicscene
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    Conky displaying in the wrong place after bootup on Ubuntu 19.04 with xfce

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 11:33 AM PST

    I'm having a problem where conky is displaying on my second monitor and not even in the middle of it. Here's a screenshot. I't was't happening with GNOME but it does with xfce. It does correct itself after 2-3 minutes after bootup and is only happening on 50% of the bootups so not that big of a problem, but would be nice if I could fix it. If any more info needed, just say what else you need. Thanks.

    submitted by /u/l0nskyne
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    Uninstalled Plank on Mint 19.3 (Cinnamon), but it's still appearing

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 11:19 AM PST

    I've tried uninstalling it via the software manager, right-clicking it in the application list, purging it etc and the dock's still appearing at the bottom.

    Any ideas?

    submitted by /u/ForestLimit
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    Higher than expected cpu use on fresh install

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 10:41 AM PST

    Did a minimal ubuntu 19 install with encrypted file system. Installed a couple browsers and other standard desktop apps, nothing intensive. Processor seems to sit around 15-20% at idle and with just a 2-3 firefox tabs open I'm well over 50%. Granted this machine isn't a powerhouse, it's an xps 9350, i3 with 4gb of ram but this still seems like I shouldn't be experiencing what I am. At times the machine is barely usable when it was fine running windows. What actions should I take?

    Screenshots from system monitor:

    https://i.imgur.com/B7xPN9B.png

    https://i.imgur.com/aRStNmj.png

    submitted by /u/InvalidBootDevice
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    What does the unloaded portion of this mean from "inxi" command?

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 06:46 AM PST

    Graphics:

    Device-1: NVIDIA GP104 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] vendor: ZOTAC driver: nvidia

    v: 435.21 bus ID: 06:00.0

    Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.5 driver: nvidia

    unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,nouveau,vesa resolution: 1920x1080~60Hz

    OpenGL: renderer: GeForce GTX 1060 6GB/PCIe/SSE2 v: 4.6.0 NVIDIA 435.21

    direct render: Yes

    submitted by /u/MuffinsofJoy
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    Virtual machine resolution problem

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 10:27 AM PST

    I`ve installed Mint in a VM cause i want to learn Linux. As soon as installation was finished i went to settings to change resolution but my 1920 x 1080 wasnt there. I tried to change Graphics Controller from VMSVGA to VBoxVGA and VBoxSVGA. I could change the resolution to my but there was a message from Mint every time i booted to it. It said "Check your GPU drivers. Your system is currently running without hardware acceleration. You can notice low performance and high GPU usage."

    submitted by /u/KiZuHanHunKy
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    Using Linux on external ssd

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:46 AM PST

    Whenever i shutdown my laptop, it displays failed to unmount "something i couldn't read" for a second. I never open up any drive of my HDD but still it says so, why? And even if i open any drive of my HDD is it necessary to unmount?

    submitted by /u/jemmy7776
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    Backing up and keeping files in a different hard disk partition when migrating from Windows to Linux (Pop OS)

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:36 AM PST

    What happens when you download/install a program twice?

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:27 AM PST

    I recently downloaded Tor browser on my Linux Mint over the webpage then i downloaded it again (with some features) in the App/program Store. Do i have it twice now? How can i check it?

    submitted by /u/gLr007Bm
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    Manjaro instantly logout after logging in

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:24 AM PST

    Today I updated Manjaro (KDE Plasma) and everything seems to work except when I log in the loading screen appear but after that I'm back to screen when I have to log in. I have access to files by going to command line using Ctrl+Alt+F2 and there I can log in without any problems but I can't log in to desktop.

    I tried to add TMOUT=600 to set logout time to 10 minutes like here, I tried to remove .Xauthority file like in this thread and even trying updating system again but nothing worked

    submitted by /u/Dragonaax
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    Error booting ubuntu from usb along windows 10

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 09:00 AM PST

    I am trying to dual boot Ubuntu with windows 10 but after flashing ubuntu with etcher and booting in my machine it gives me the following error- busy box (initramfs) unable to boot live file system

    How can i fix the following error? i tried the following 1)fsck /dev/sda1 2)disabled fastboot and secure boot 3)fixed mbr partition

    The error occurs after ubuntu boot screen pops up. image-https://ibb.co/C89H3j1

    submitted by /u/abhorentmoron
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    Linux Mint partitioning and installation paths?

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 08:19 AM PST

    So, I switched to Linux Mint from Windows 10 yesterday, and when partitioning my hard drive I wanted to make it similar to how I had it on Windows ('C:' for the OS and 'D:' for everything else), but I'm not sure if I've done it right. I planned it like this: sda1 is supposed to have the Linux Mint OS (and the software that goes with it, I suppose?) and sda2 has swap and everything else.
    It looked like I had done everything right at first, but the moment I installed my first piece of soft (Discord) I tried to check if it installed in '/home' (which I considered was the equivalent of disk 'D:' on windows), but it didn't seem to be there? And when installing, it didn't ask me to specify the directory either. So I'm utterly confused. Does all software get automatically installed to where the OS resides? Was it a mistake allocating almost all my space to '/home', then? And if that's the case, then how should I allocate my space effectively? I really just want it to be like it was on windows, but I'm not sure what to do or how it works. Thanks for any explanation in advance!

    The way I partitioned my disk.

    submitted by /u/Casseroli
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    Difference between "minimal, standard and complete" KDE installation

    Posted: 16 Jan 2020 04:31 PM PST

    From the PopOS website:

    "A minimal KDE is installed with:

    sudo apt install kde-plasma-desktop 

    A standard KDE desktop is installed with:

    sudo apt install kde-standard 

    For a complete set of KDE applications and Plasma desktop"

    sudo apt install kde-full 

    What's the difference between these installations? Is it just additional programs? Will everything work fine with the minimal option or does that mean it will come with less settings and other important things removed? I ask this because there are simple DEs made to preserve memory and that's not my goal, I don't mean to sacrifice features.

    submitted by /u/Dalmnolk
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    Anyone know how I can use jq to get this value? (example below)

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 07:43 AM PST

    When I use the jq command:

     terraform show -json | jq '.values[].child_modules[0].resources[0].values.dns_name' 

    and I get the value I want. But my concern is, when my terraform resource spin up, its position in the array is going to change. Is there a way to filter down onto the key or the value I'm looking for?

    submitted by /u/kalavala93
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    Now that exFAT code is integrated into Linux, does that mean I can now reliably and safely use exFAT for important external hard drives?

    Posted: 17 Jan 2020 03:07 AM PST

    I am currently on kernel 5.4.12.

    If this includes exFAT fixes, does this mean I can now reliably and safely use exFAT for various storage tasks, such as for my 4TB external hard drive?

    Does formatting a drive with mkfs.exfat (1.3.0) incorporate said fixes in order to create a stable and reliable exFAT partition?

    TLDR is basically the title. But for more details... (which might just be me repeating myself, sorry for that)

    Currently, my external HDDs are formatted with NTFS, and while they do seem to work fine, NTFS specification isn't public, meaning we're using reverse-engineered code, which means it can't be considered 100% reliable.

    I could format them in Ext4, but if possible, a more common filesystem like NTFS, FAT32, or exFAT would be better. Of course, no one in their right mind would try using FAT32 on a 4TB external HDD, so that leaves us with NTFS and exFAT.

    However, Microsoft recently released the specification of exFAT to the public. Does kernel 5.4.12 and mkfs.exfat (1.3.0) contain the latest fixes to enable me to create a stable and reliable exFAT partition using Linux, and use it reliably on Linux?

    submitted by /u/OrthographicCube
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